Process of facing roadways, streets, and walks.



, roadway, pavement, or sidewalk with a facnecessary or desirable.

-' UNITED 'sTA'rns PATENT. OFFICE...

GEORGE %ss= AND STEPHEN F. DEAL, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURTJ. PRooEss OF FACING noAowAYs, erase-Ts, AN l D- WALKS.

To all, w/tom it 771/114 concern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE Ross and STEPHEN F. DEAL, citizens of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of J ackson' and theState of Missouri, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Facing Roadways, Streets, and Walks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a process for sidewalks, and has for its object to provide a ing practically impervious to water and of durable construction. A further object is to evolve a-process by which roadways and the like can be provided with afacing of any required depth, of the character named, expeditiously and at comparatively low cost. g

In carrying out the invention'we first plow, harrow, or otherwise loosen and pulverize the ground to a suitable depth, the roadway at the same time being also brought to the desired grade if a change of grade is Aliquid or plastic binder, preferably the former, is produced by heating and mixing asphaltum with oil of any suitable character, preferably crude or unrefined oil, and then this bind er is deposited in any suitable manner upon the prepared ground, the distribution of the binder being made as even as possible in order to avoid undue waste thereof. This binder is mixed with the pulverized earth, and then the road is rolled or' tamped to the required density, so as to produce a comparatively smooth and even surface. A facing thus produced is tough and tenacious and will not breakil or crumble and result in loss of material li e an asphalt pavement, because the oil or equivalent substance .iprevents water from soaking into the roadway.

- Furthermore, its tough, tenacious, and homogcneous properties ive it such elasticity that it will yield un er the passage of a if heavy vehicle over it without'chigping or loosen and pulverize the earth as-explained.

crumbling,an d as a result no dust W1 gather on its surface other than that blown there.

The road facing above described will be employed preferably on country roads.

For city streets it is preferable to first The mixture of asphaltum and oil is then depositedthereon and harrowed or otherwise intimately mixed therewith. Then a layer of Specification of Letters Patent, Applicatlonfiled January 12,1906. Serial No. 295,811.

tamped or, rolled, or both tamped and re Patentedflct. 15,1908

granular substance-for instance, granite chips, J oplin, or native grit-is deposited on the earth as thus perpared. Then a second mixture of asphaltum. and oil is, deposited on the layer of granular substance, and then the grit with the second mixture of asphaltum and Oll, is so stirred as to make it a part of the upper surface of the earth prepared as aforesaid. .The prepared'earth is then thoroughly 1e to provide a smooth and even surface.

Where it is desirable to produce a roadfacing similar to the common as )halt pavement,'a, suitable quantityof sul r may be mixed with the asphaltum and oil as a hardener. 'i

A roadway, street-pavement, or walk treated according to the process described will obviously not only prevent water from seeping down into the-facing, hutjwill prevent moisture below from ascending through said facing.

The roa way, street, or walk prepared as described not only possesses the features of advantage described, but is easy on the feet of the animals traversing it, and comparatively noiseless. I

From the above description it will be apparent that we have evolved a process for producing facings for roadways and the like which is durable, practically impervious to water, and possesses the other desirable features named herein.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The process of facing roadways and the like, consisting in loosening and pulverizing the earth to a suitable depth, depositing a binder therein impervious to water andhaving tough and tenacious properties, and then in compacting the mass of loose earth containing the binder in any suitable manner.

2. The process of facing roadways and the like, consisting in loosening and pulverizing the earth to a'suitable depth, depositing a binder therein impervious to water and having tough and tenacious properties, and then in compahting the mass of loose earth containing the binder by running a roller over it; U The process of facing roadways and the like consisting in looseningand pulverizingr the earth to a suitable depth, depositing a binder therein impervious to water and hav-' earth thus pre ared, then in making a second deposit of sai binder on said layerof granular material, then in mixing said second de posit of the binder and said granular material with the upperportion of, the'nmss of earth mixed with the first deposit ofthe binder, and finally in oompactingthe mass of loose earth containing the first deposit of the binder with the granular material and the secozid deposit of the binder.

4. The process of facing roadways and the like consisting in loosening and pulveri'zing the earth to esuitahle depth, depositing a "lik binder therein which is impervious to Water J5 and [has tough, tenacious and hardening properties, and then compressing the entire mass of loosened earth thus treated down upon 'the solid earth beneath.

.5. Theproeess of facing roadways and the consisting; in loosening and pulverizing {the earth'to afsuitahle depth, depositing a .Qbinder therein which is impervious to Water and has tough, tenacious end hardening properties, and then in com-pressing the entire mass of loosened earth thustreated down upon the solid earth beneath by running a roller over it.

6. The proeess'of facing roadways and the like, consisting of loosening and pulverizing the earth toasuitnble depth, depositing a binder therein consisting of aspheltum and oil in a, liqnid state, and then compacting the mass of earth containing the lnn'dor.

7. The process of facing roadways and the" the binder and granular material.

In testimony whereof We aflix our signatures. in the presence of two witnesses. GEORGE ROSS.

STEPHEN F. DEAL. Witnesses:

, E. M. hlElCALF,

W. M. RYNERson, 

